Edgar Allan Poe · first published 1849

The Bells

Meaning, complete text, stanza guide, vocabulary, techniques and an explained quiz.

What the poem means

Four kinds of bells carry the listener from light celebration through harmony and alarm to the oppressive music of death.

Silver, golden, brazen and iron sections grow longer and darker, while repeated sounds increasingly overpower narrative meaning. The king of the ghouls treats human terror as music, turning the final ringing into domination rather than communal signal.

The poem

Spelling and punctuation follow the checked source edition. Stanza links connect the text to the guide and quiz.

Stanza 1. Hear the sledges with the bells- Silver bells! What a world of merriment their melody foretells! How they tinkle, tinkle, tinkle, In their icy air of night! While the stars that oversprinkle All the heavens, seem to twinkle With a crystalline delight; Keeping time, time, time, In a sort of Runic rhyme, To the tintinnabulation that so musically wells From the bells, bells, bells, bells, Bells, bells, bells- From the jingling and the tinkling of the bells.

Stanza 2. Hear the mellow wedding bells, Golden bells! What a world of happiness their harmony foretells! Through the balmy air of night How they ring out their delight! From the molten golden-notes, And all in tune, What a liquid ditty floats To the turtle-dove that listens, while she gloats On the moon! Oh, from out the sounding cells, What a gush of euphony voluminously wells! How it swells! How it dwells On the Future! how it tells Of the rapture that impels To the swinging and the ringing Of the bells, bells, bells, Of the bells, bells, bells,bells, Bells, bells, bells- To the rhyming and the chiming of the bells!

Stanza 3. Hear the loud alarum bells- Brazen bells! What a tale of terror, now, their turbulency tells! In the startled ear of night How they scream out their affright! Too much horrified to speak, They can only shriek, shriek, Out of tune, In a clamorous appealing to the mercy of the fire, In a mad expostulation with the deaf and frantic fire, Leaping higher, higher, higher, With a desperate desire, And a resolute endeavor, Now- now to sit or never, By the side of the pale-faced moon. Oh, the bells, bells, bells! What a tale their terror tells Of Despair! How they clang, and clash, and roar! What a horror they outpour On the bosom of the palpitating air! Yet the ear it fully knows, By the twanging, And the clanging, How the danger ebbs and flows: Yet the ear distinctly tells, In the jangling, And the wrangling, How the danger sinks and swells, By the sinking or the swelling in the anger of the bells- Of the bells- Of the bells, bells, bells,bells, Bells, bells, bells- In the clamor and the clangor of the bells!

Stanza 4. Hear the tolling of the bells- Iron Bells! What a world of solemn thought their monody compels! In the silence of the night, How we shiver with affright At the melancholy menace of their tone! For every sound that floats From the rust within their throats Is a groan. And the people- ah, the people- They that dwell up in the steeple, All Alone And who, tolling, tolling, tolling, In that muffled monotone, Feel a glory in so rolling On the human heart a stone- They are neither man nor woman- They are neither brute nor human- They are Ghouls: And their king it is who tolls; And he rolls, rolls, rolls, Rolls A paean from the bells! And his merry bosom swells With the paean of the bells! And he dances, and he yells; Keeping time, time, time, In a sort of Runic rhyme, To the paean of the bells- Of the bells: Keeping time, time, time, In a sort of Runic rhyme, To the throbbing of the bells- Of the bells, bells, bells- To the sobbing of the bells; Keeping time, time, time, As he knells, knells, knells, In a happy Runic rhyme, To the rolling of the bells- Of the bells, bells, bells: To the tolling of the bells, Of the bells, bells, bells, bells- Bells, bells, bells- To the moaning and the groaning of the bells.

Stanza guide

Stanzas 1–4

Each numbered section has its own material, occasion and sound pattern. Repetition begins as sparkle and pleasure, becomes wedding harmony, fractures into alarm and ends in a heavy toll, so the form itself enacts an irreversible emotional descent.

Return to stanza 1 ↑

Vocabulary

tintinnabulation
a ringing or tinkling sound
monody
a poem or song lamenting a person's death
paean
a song of praise or triumph

Literary techniques

Onomatopoeia

tinkle, clang, clash and toll

Sound words make the reader hear each metal and emotional register.

Repetition

“bells, bells, bells” expands and contracts

Accumulation imitates ringing while changing from delight to compulsion.

Structural progression

four metals and occasions darken in sequence

The ordered descent gives time, celebration and mortality one arc.

Study check

Check your reading of The Bells

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  1. 1.Which statement best captures the poem's central movement?
  2. 2.Why is onomatopoeia important in this poem?
  3. 3.What is the effect of the ending?