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Constitution of India

Preamble and important articles

Read the Preamble and 38 important constitutional articles in clean, searchable text, with matching Hindi versions.

Also available in: English · हिंदी

Preamble

  1. Preamble

Part I - The Union and Its Territory (1–4)

  1. Article 1Name and territory of the Union
  2. Article 3Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States

Part II - Citizenship (5–11)

  1. Article 5Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution

Part III - Fundamental Rights (12–35)

  1. Article 12Definition
  2. Article 13Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
  3. Article 14Equality before law
  4. Article 15Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
  5. Article 16Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
  6. Article 17Abolition of Untouchability
  7. Article 18Abolition of titles
  8. Article 19Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc
  9. Article 20Protection in respect of conviction for offences
  10. Article 21Protection of life and personal liberty
  11. Article 21ARight to education
  12. Article 22Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases
  13. Article 23Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
  14. Article 24Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
  15. Article 25Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion
  16. Article 29Protection of Interests of minorities
  17. Article 30Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
  18. Article 32Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part

Part IV - Directive Principles of State Policy (36–51)

  1. Article 36Definition
  2. Article 39AEqual justice and free legal aid
  3. Article 44Uniform civil code for the citizens
  4. Article 50Separation of judiciary from executive

Part IV(A) - Fundamental Duties (51a)

  1. Article 51AFundamental duties

Part V - The Union (52–151)

  1. Article 72Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
  2. Article 123Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament

Part VI - The States (152–237)

  1. Article 226Power of High Courts to issue certain writs

Part VIII - The Union Territories (239–242)

  1. Article 239AASpecial provisions with respect to Delhi

Part IX - The Panchayats (243–243o)

  1. Article 243DReservation of seats

Part XII - Finance, Property, Contract and Suits (264–300a)

  1. Article 300APersons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law

Part XV - Elections (324–329a)

  1. Article 324Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission

Part XVII - Official Language (343–351)

  1. Article 343Official language of the Union

Part XVIII - Emergency Provisions (352–360)

  1. Article 352Proclamation of Emergency
  2. Article 356Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States
  3. Article 360Provisions as to financial emergency

Part XX - Amendment Of The Constitution (368)

  1. Article 368Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor