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ICA Chapter 9: Bailment

Plain-language guide

What this part covers

Chapter IX covers bailment, care of goods, unauthorized use, mixtures, return and liens. It then addresses pledge, the pawnee's rights on default, redemption and certain pledges made by persons with limited or defective title.

Key provisions

  1. Section 148. "Bailment", "bailor" and "bailee" defined
  2. Section 149. Delivery to bailee how made
  3. Section 150. Bailor's duty to disclose faults in goods bailed
  4. Section 151. Care to be taken by bailee
  5. Section 152. Bailee when not liable for loss, etc. of thing bailed
  6. Section 153. Termination of bailment by bailee's act inconsistent with conditions
  7. Section 154. Liability of bailee making unauthorized use of goods bailed
  8. Section 155. Effect of mixture, with bailor's consent, of his goods with bailee's
  9. Section 156. Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent when the goods can be separated
  10. Section 157. Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the goods cannot be separated
  11. Section 158. Repayment, by bailor, of necessary expenses
  12. Section 159. Restoration of goods bailed, on expiration of time or accomplishment of purpose
  13. Section 160. Return of goods bailed, on expiration of time or accomplishment of purpose
  14. Section 161. Bailee's responsibility when goods are not duly returned
  15. Section 162. Termination of gratuitours bailment by death
  16. Section 163. Bailor entitled to increase or profit from goods bailed
  17. Section 164. Bailor's responsibility to bailee
  18. Section 165. Bailment by several joint owners
  19. Section 166. Bailee not responsible on re-delivery to bailor without title
  20. Section 167. Right of third person claiming goods bailed
  21. Section 168. Right of finder of goods may sue for specific reward offered
  22. Section 169. When Finder of thing commonly on sale may sell it
  23. Section 170. Bailee's particular lien
  24. Section 171. General lien of bankers, factors, wharfingers, attorneys, and policy brokers
  25. Section 172. "Pledge", "pownor" and "pawnee" defined
  26. Section 173. Pawnee's right of retainer
  27. Section 174. Pawnee not to retain for debt or promise other than that for which goods pledged: Presumption in case of subsequent advances
  28. Section 175. Pawnee's right to extraordinary expenses incurred
  29. Section 176. Pawnee's right where pawnor makes default
  30. Section 177. Defaulting pawnor's right to redeem
  31. Section 178. Pledge by mercantile agent
  32. Section 178A. Pledge by person in possession under voidable contract
  33. Section 179. Pledge where pawnor has only a limited interest suits by bailors against wrong-doers
  34. Section 180. Suit by bailor or bailee against wrong-doer
  35. Section 181. Apportionment of relief or compensation obtained by such suits

Study check

Check bailment and pledge

Choose an answer, then check it. Scoring stays in your browser and every explanation links to the statutory text.

  1. 1.What is central to bailment under section 148?
  2. 2.Before selling pledged goods after default, what does section 176 require the pawnee to give?

Official reference: India Code, Legislative Department — checked: 29 September 2026.