CPC Section 13: When foreign judgment not conclusive
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 · Part 1: Suits in General
13. When foreign judgment not conclusive.—A foreign judgment shall be conclusive as to any matter thereby directly adjudicated upon between the same parties or between parties under whom they or any of them claim litigating under the same title except—
(a) where it has not been pronounced by a Court of competent jurisdiction;
(b) where it has not been given on the merits of the case;
(c) where it appears on the face of the proceedings to be founded on an incorrect view of international law or a refusal to recognise the law of [India] in cases in which such law is applicable;
(d) where the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained are opposed to natural justice;
(e) where it has been obtained by fraud;
(f) where it sustains a claim founded on a breach of any law in force in [India].
Official reference: Government reference hosted by Andhra Pradesh High Court — checked: 1 October 2026.Banaka editorial consolidation of the general central text, with the 2025 postal-service amendments applied. Not an official or certified edition. State/High Court variations, commercial-dispute modifications and prescribed Appendix forms are not consolidated here; consult the source and applicable court rules. Hindi learning guides are original explanations, not a statutory translation.Read the original schedule and amendment notes
This text is for reference, not legal advice. Consult the official source for the authoritative text.
Other sections in this chapter
- 9. Courts to try all civil suits unless barred
- 10. Stay of suit
- 11. Res judicata
- 12. Bar to further suit
- 14. Presumption as to foreign judgments
- 15. Court in which suits to be instituted
- 16. Suits to be instituted where subject-matter situate
- 17. Suits for immovable property situate within jurisdiction of different Courts
- 18. Place of Institution of suit where local limits of jurisdiction of Courts are uncertain
- 19. Suits for compensation for wrongs to person or movables
- 20. Other suits to be instituted where defendants reside or cause of action arises
- 21. Objections to jurisdiction
- 21A. Bar on suit to set aside decree on objection as to place of suing
- 22. Power to transfer suits which may be instituted in more than one Court
- 23. To what Court application lies
- 24. General power of transfer and withdrawal
- 25. Power of Supreme Court to transfer suits, etc
- 26. Institution of suits
- 27. Summons to defendants
- 28. Service of summons where defendant resides in another State
- 29. Service of foreign summonses
- 30. Power to order discovery and the like
- 31. Summons to witness
- 32. Penalty for default
- 33. Judgment and decree
- 34. Interest
- 35. Costs
- 35A. Compensatory costs in respect of false or vexatious claims or defences
- 35B. Costs for causing delay